redis第一步（安装）

最近开发中用到了Redis，这里就记录一下

选择合适的Redis版本

小数点后的第一位数字是偶数就是稳定版，奇数就是非稳定版
例如：
稳定版： 2.4、2.6
非稳定版：2.5、2.7

Windows下安装Redis

为什么要windows安装？不用Linux？因为我的电脑跑不起虚拟机。。。后面再更新Linux的版本安装。

我的环境使用win，redis版本选择2.6.12。公司屏蔽了上传，各位自行下载。
下载解压后，记住不要解压在中文目录下，如D:\软件\redis2.6.12。
打开文件目录如下
| 名称 | 说明 |
| -------- | ----- |
| redis-server.exe | redis服务器|
| redis-cli.exe | redis命令行客户端 |
| redis-check-dump.exe | redis性能测试工具 |
| redis-check-aof.exe | AOF文件修复工具 |
| redis-benchmark.exe | RDB文件检查工具 |
| redis.conf | redis配置文件 |
可能在你的目录下没有这个redis.conf文件，没关系，这里提供，新建复制即可

# Redis configuration file example

# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.
# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.
daemonize no

# When run as a daemon, Redis write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by default.
# You can specify a custom pid file location here.
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid

# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379
port 6379

# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not
# specified all the interfaces will listen for connections.
#
# bind 127.0.0.1

# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)
timeout 300

# Set server verbosity to 'debug'
# it can be one of:
# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)
# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)
# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)
loglevel debug

# Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force
# the demon to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard
# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null
logfile stdout

# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select
# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where
# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1
databases 16

################################ SNAPSHOTTING #################################
#
# Save the DB on disk:
#
# save <seconds> <changes>
#
# Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given
# number of write operations against the DB occurred.
#
# In the example below the behaviour will be to save:
# after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed
# after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed
# after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000

# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?
# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.
# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but
# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.
rdbcompression yes

# The filename where to dump the DB
dbfilename dump.rdb

# For default save/load DB in/from the working directory
# Note that you must specify a directory not a file name.
dir ./

################################# REPLICATION #################################

# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of
# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave
# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a
# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.
#
# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>

# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration
# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before
# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will
# refuse the slave request.
#
# masterauth <master-password>

################################## SECURITY ###################################

# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other
# commands. This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust
# others with access to the host running redis-server.
#
# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most
# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).
#
# requirepass foobared

################################### LIMITS ####################################

# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there
# is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process
# is able to open. The special value '0' means no limts.
# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending
# an error 'max number of clients reached'.
#
# maxclients 128

# Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.
# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an
# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire
# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.
# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.
#
# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands
# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue
# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.
#
# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a
# 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real
# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if
# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time
# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get
# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.
#
# maxmemory <bytes>

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################

# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live
# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash
# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot
# about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should
# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append
# every write operation received in the file appendonly.log. This file will
# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.
#
# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you
# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).
# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the
# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.
#
# The name of the append only file is "appendonly.log"
#
# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append
# log file in background when it gets too big.

appendonly no

# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk
# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush
# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.
#
# Redis supports three different modes:
#
# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.
# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.
# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.
#
# The default is "always" that's the safer of the options. It's up to you to
# understand if you can relax this to "everysec" that will fsync every second
# or to "no" that will let the operating system flush the output buffer when
# it want, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of
# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting).

appendfsync always
# appendfsync everysec
# appendfsync no

############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################

# Glue small output buffers together in order to send small replies in a
# single TCP packet. Uses a bit more CPU but most of the times it is a win
# in terms of number of queries per second. Use 'yes' if unsure.
#glueoutputbuf yes

# Use object sharing. Can save a lot of memory if you have many common
# string in your dataset, but performs lookups against the shared objects
# pool so it uses more CPU and can be a bit slower. Usually it's a good
# idea.
#
# When object sharing is enabled (shareobjects yes) you can use
# shareobjectspoolsize to control the size of the pool used in order to try
# object sharing. A bigger pool size will lead to better sharing capabilities.
# In general you want this value to be at least the double of the number of
# very common strings you have in your dataset.
#
# WARNING: object sharing is experimental, don't enable this feature
# in production before of Redis 1.0-stable. Still please try this feature in
# your development environment so that we can test it better.
# shareobjects no
# shareobjectspoolsize 1024

使用命令提示符，进入到redis目录下，运行如下语句，就可以看到redis已经成功运行，后面的redis.conf，指定redis服务器使用后面的redis.conf文件里的配置运行

>redis-server.exe redis.conf

redis默认启用的是6379这个端口，也可以自定义指定端口，或者在conf文件里指定。conf文件还指定了redis的运行方式、持久化数据、日志文件的存储位置等
注意：redis窗口此时以独占方式运行，不可关闭！

Linux下安装redis

1、首先安装php的扩展

配置php环境（phpize需要先安装php-devel的扩展和gcc扩展）

# /usr/local/php/bin/phpize

phpize是什么？
在windows下，拷边扩展dll文件到指定目录即可，然后打开php.ini文件删除；即可开启扩展，而linux下，编译的php源码后的执行文件，需要使用phpize进行扩展

使用php-config文件进行redis文件配置

# ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config

编译

# make

安装，提示redis已经安装到的目录

[root@localhost phpredis-develop]# make install
Installing shared extensions:     /usr/lib64/php/modules/

编辑php.ini文件，添加

extension="redis.so"

此时重启即可安装完成redis的扩展

安装samba服务，便于在windows目录下，编辑linux的文件，--skip-broken跳过报错信息

# yum -y install samba* --skip-broken

安装完成后，编辑conf文件

# vim /etc/samba/sam.conf

在[home]节点下，新增如下内容

[web]
        path=/var/www/html/redis
        browseable=yes
        writeable=yes

完成后，重启samba服务

添加访问用户

# smbpasswd -a apache

设置密码

重启samba

# service smb restart

使用windows登录，注意，需要关闭linux防火墙和setenforce 0

//192.168.88.129/web

windows操作时，需要新增acl权限

# setfacl -m u:apache:rwx -R /var/www/html/
# setfacl -m d:u:apache:rwx -R /var/www/html/

安装redis

# tar zxvf redis

编译（注意需要安装tcl 8.5）

# make

编译完成后，进入src并测试编译结果

# cd src && make test

安装

# make install

新建目录存放redis和conf文件

# mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/bin /usr/local/redis/etc

移动redis程序和conf文件

# mv ./redis.conf /usr/local/redis/etc/
# mv ./redis-benchmark ./redis-check-aof ./redis-check-dump ./redis-server ./redis-cli ./redis-sentinel ./mkreleasehdr.sh /usr/local/redis/bin/

此时进入到/usr/local/redis/etc/目录下，修改redis.conf文件，使redis位于后台运行

# vim redis.conf

修改daemonize no为yes
进入到/usr/local/redis/bin目录下，执行redis-server，开启redis服务进程！

此时可以redis应该运行了，执行ps -ef | grep redis和netstat -tunpl | grep redis分别可以看到redis运行在6379端口上，6379是redis的默认端口

本章节完

补充

到正常情况到此可以用phpinfo看到redis扩展
如果phpinfo没有redis扩展信息请添加/etc/php.d/redis.ini (路径是我本地的)
redis.ini 内容如下：
; Enable mysql extension module
extension=redis.so
重启apache或者nginx (reload php---> /etc/init.d/php-fpm restart)